Loading...

Subscribe

How does the Human Immune System work?

April 3, 2020 - Parul Saini, Webmedy Team


Loading...

Our immune system is necessary for our endurance. Without an immune system, our bodies would be exposed to hit from bacteria, viruses, parasites, and more. It is our immune system that keeps us healthy as we float over a sea of pathogens.

As long as your immune system is working smoothly, you will be healthy. But if it stops running suitably - because it's weak or can't fight especially destructive germs - you get ill. Germs that your body has never faced before can also possibly make you ill. Some germs will only make you sick the first time you come into touch with them, for example, childhood illnesses like chickenpox.

Understanding our immune system

The immune system is amazingly complicated. It can identify and memorize millions of diverse opponents and it can generate excretions and cells to pair up with and clean out each one of them.

The main components of the immune system are:

  • White blood cells
  • Antibodies
  • Supplement system
  • Lymphatic system
  • Spleen
  • Bone marrow
  • Thymus

All these components work together and play an important role in the immune system.

  • White blood cells

    White blood cells also called leukocytes (LOO-Kuh-sites), perform an essential role in the immune system. Some kinds of white blood cells, called phagocytes (FAH-guh-sites), eat up attacking organisms. Others, called lymphocytes (LIM-Fuh-sites), support the body memorize the enemies and kill them.

    One kind of phagocyte is the neutrophil (NOO-truh-fil), which attacks bacteria. When someone might have a bacterial disease, physicians can request a blood test to detect if the body has produced lots of neutrophils. Other kinds of phagocytes do their works to ensure that the body reacts to enemies.

    The two varieties of lymphocytes are B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes. Lymphocytes begin out in the bone marrow and either stay there and develop into B cells or move to the thymus gland to develop into T cells. B lymphocytes are like the body's army intelligence system - they discover their victims and send guards to lock onto them. T cells are like the volunteers - they kill the enemies that the intelligence system detects.

  • Antibodies

    Antibodies aid the body to battle microbes or the toxins (poisons) they create. They do this by identifying essences called antigens on the outside of the microbe, or in the elements they produce, which identify the microbe or toxin as being different. The antibodies then identify these antigens for killing.

  • Spleen

    The spleen is a blood-filtering gland that eliminates microbes and kills old or spoiled red blood cells.

  • Bone marrow

    Bone marrow is the springy tissue located inside your bones. It originates the red blood cells our bodies require to transport oxygen, the white blood cells we employ to uphold infection, and the platelets we require to ease our blood clotting.

  • Thymus

    The thymus filters and manages your blood content. It provides the white blood cells called T-lymphocytes.

  • Spleen

    The spleen is a blood-filtering gland that eliminates microbes and kills old or spoiled red blood cells.

  • Macrophages

    Macrophages are a kind of white blood cells and a part of our immune defense mechanism. They are produced in our bone marrow. They recognize, surround or cover the foreign body, and then defeat the foreign body or cells. Macrophages are also believed to "clean house" in your body. These cells get cleared of cells that are worn out and need to be repaired. Macrophages also perform a role in wound healing and limb recovery.

    The macrophage plays a significant role in both the innate and acquired (humoral and cellular) immune responses. The macrophages will remain for several months after they are produced.

    The method of the macrophage surrounding, covering and killing foreign bodies is called phagocytosis. It comes from the Greek words "phagein" intending to eat, "kytos" or cell and "osis" which means process.

    Importantly, the macrophages can recognize self from non-self so that they do not hurt or destroy cells of normal appearance or function.

How Does the Immune System Fight?

  • When the body feels foreign elements, the immune system serves to identify the antigens and get relieved of them.
  • B lymphocytes are triggered to produce antibodies. These specific proteins secure onto specific antigens. The antibodies stay in a person's body. That means if the immune system finds that antigen again, the antibodies can do their work. That's why someone who becomes sick with a disease, like chickenpox, normally won't get ill from it repeatedly.
  • This is too how immunizations (vaccines) stop some diseases. An immunization introduces the body to an antigen in a method that doesn't cause someone ill. But it does allow the body to make antibodies that will defend the person from future illnesses by the virus.
  • Although antibodies can identify an antigen and hook onto it, they can't kill it without help. That's the work of the T cells. They kill antigens held by antibodies or cells that are affected or somehow diminished. T cells also flag other cells (like phagocytes) to do their tasks.

Kinds of immunity - innate, adaptive, and passive

  • Innate immunity

    Everyone is born with innate (or natural) immunity, a kind of universal protection. For instance, the skin serves as a wall to block bacteria from accessing the body. And the immune system identifies when some invaders are foreign and could be deadly.

  • Adaptive immunity

    Adaptive (or active) immunity extends throughout our lives. We generate adaptive immunity when we're opened to diseases or when we're immunized on them with vaccines.

  • Passive immunity

    Passive immunity is "borrowed" from a different source and it serves for a short time. For instance, antibodies in a mother's breast milk supply a baby temporary immunity to illnesses the mother has been endangered too.

Immunity according to Ayurveda

As per Ayurveda, healthy immunity is an outcome of good digestion, strong Agni (the metabolic fire), good liver functioning, and a well-balanced endocrine system(which involves properly balanced hormones). Immunity is also very related to a powerful thing called Ojas. The Sanskrit word Ojas implies "vigor".

But, in the body, Ojas is very complex and difficult-slightly hard to define, even. Yet in the Ayurvedic custom, Ojas has everything to perform with immunity. It is assumed that the power of one's Ojas decides which determinants and influences, whether internal or external, produce disease in any individual. Healthy Ojas promotes a state of bliss. Ojas is preserved when we can live in the existing moment with complete, fair experience.

Ojas is the real complex essence of Kapha - that which provides the body energy, endurance, intensity, and resistance. As such, it is a close representation of the state of Agni; sound Agni supports healthy Ojas, while disabled Agni controls the composition and character of Ojas. But Ojas is also influenced by past trauma, lifestyle preferences, stress levels, the state of our relationships, and our overall state of awareness. Ojas is usually rich in the soma (the deftest form of matter), and it finally becomes awareness.

Altering our diet as per seasonal cycles and requirements of the body and understanding the Ayurvedic treatments for seasonal transitions, can stop a build-up of toxins in the body. In Ayurveda, there is no one-size-fits-all theory. Reading from nature we adjust us with the knowledge presented and by using the methods we see improved immunity to illness, higher power, tranquility, a happy idea, imagining clarity and sensitive stability.

Recommended



When people think of the fatal diseases in the world, their minds jump to the fast-acting, deadly ones that grab headlines from time to time. But in reality, many of these types of diseases don't rank in the top 10 reasons for global deaths. Of the 56.4 million people that passed away worldwide in 2015, 68 percent of them died due to illnesses that grew slowly.


Staying home can help stem the coronavirus outbreak, but what if you're well? Is it a good idea to go for a run in a congested park, go to the store, or visit your friends?


Telehealth technology is in the limelight for Coronavirus scare. Telemedicine can play a vital role in safe healthcare in the wake of this highly communicable virus spread. But what are its boundaries, and how are hospitals changing?


Mango is a delicious tropical fruit that is not only delicious but also offers many health benefits. Mangoes are part of the family of pistachios and cashews, known as the Anacardiaceae family. Mango comes in many different varieties, each with its own unique flavor and texture.


Liver is an important organ of the body which aids in digestion, stores nutrients and detoxifies our body by eliminating harmful substances. Liver also acts as an important warrior of our immune system as it identifies harmful bacteria, viruses and toxins that enter our body, captures them and throws them out of the body. A healthy liver is essential for overall health and well being.


Imagine your body as an intricate fortress, constantly guarded by an invisible but ever-vigilant protector: mucus. This unsung hero works tirelessly, shielding you from the onslaught of environmental villains and internal turmoil. Yet, when we find ourselves constantly clearing our throats or battling with that annoying sensation of phlegm, it's a sign that our protector is working overtime. This isn't just a tale of discomfort; it's a story of resilience, a signal from our bodies that something is amiss. Let's understand this protective mechanism, exploring the myriad causes of phlegm and mucus in the throat, and uncover the ways we can support our body's natural defenses for a happier, healthier life.


Imagine a future in which medical diagnoses are made accurately and lightning-fast, and treatment plans are tailored to the individual patient. Artificial Intelligence is making such a future possible.


The healthcare industry has started adopting the Internet of Things for patient care and tracking their needs. Remote monitoring, smart sensors, medical device integration, fitness trackers, wearable biometric sensors, glucose monitors, prescription dispensers, and smart beds, are all examples of adoption of Internet of Things in healthcare.


Blockchain technology has the potential to transform healthcare. Blockchain technology can be used to build a patient-centric healthcare ecosystem that is secure and interoperable.


Are you ready to supercharge your mornings and set a healthy tone for the rest of the day? Drinking a mixture of turmeric and ginger first thing in the morning is often recommended for its potential health benefits. Consuming these two together may provide synergistic benefits while enhancing their individual effects.


Garlic has been used for centuries as a natural remedy for a variety of medical conditions. The beneficial properties of garlic are due to a compound called Allicin.


In this article, we will explore the science behind apple cider vinegar's potential to enhance weight loss efforts. From boosting metabolism and reducing fat accumulation to regulating blood sugar levels and suppressing appetite, learn how this natural remedy might support your health and fitness goals.


We all love squeezing the juice out of a lemon and savoring its inner pulp, but did you know that the peel of a lemon contains a wealth of vitamins, minerals and powerful bioactive compounds? Let's uncover the secret of lemon peel, a hidden treasure that surpasses lemon pulp in nutrient concentration.


Human growth hormone (HGH) is a hormone that promotes growth, muscle mass, and fat metabolism. HGH is a naturally occurring hormone released in the body by the pituitary gland. It can be especially important during weight loss, injury recovery, and athletic training. People can try to increase their growth hormone naturally by changing their diet and lifestyle choices.


Explore the world of cucumbers, where every bite is not just about a refreshing crunch, but also a step towards better health! Often overlooked as just a salad ingredient, cucumbers are a powerhouse of nutrients that do wonders for your body. From hydrating your skin to keeping your heart healthy, these green vegetables are full of surprises.


You might be aware of the health benefits of papaya fruit, but do you know that the green leaves of the papaya tree are a powerhouse of healing properties that have been used in traditional medicine for centuries. Papaya leaves contain a unique blend of enzymes, vitamins and antioxidants. From increasing platelet levels in dengue patients to providing relief from gastric problems, papaya leaves are a health powerhouse.


Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating condition characterized by persistent fatigue that doesn't improve with rest. It affects millions of people worldwide and can severely impact daily life. Understanding the causes and treatment options is crucial for those struggling with chronic fatigue. Let’s explore the common causes of chronic fatigue, foods that can help combat chronic exhaustion, and effective supplements to support energy levels. By addressing these factors, you can find relief from chronic fatigue syndrome symptoms and discover potential chronic fatigue treatment options that work for you.


High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, affects millions of people around the world. If not managed it can cause serious health problems. But here's the good news—changing your diet can help lower your blood pressure naturally. Let's learn about the top foods that can make a big difference in reducing high blood pressure naturally.


IoT offers significant benefits for chronic disease management by enabling continuous monitoring of patients' health metrics. With devices like smart glucose monitors and blood pressure cuffs, healthcare providers can receive real-time data. This allows for timely interventions, personalized treatment plans, and improved patient engagement, ultimately leading to better health outcomes.


Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition affecting many people worldwide. It occurs when stomach acid frequently flows back into the esophagus. This backflow, known as acid reflux, can irritate the esophageal lining, leading to various uncomfortable symptoms.


Dark circles under the eyes can make you look tired and older than you feel, casting shadows on your vibrant personality. Whether they caused from sleepless nights, genetic factors, or the stresses of daily life, they are a common beauty concern.


Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are common, especially among women, and can cause significant discomfort and pain. While it's essential to consult a healthcare professional for severe or recurrent UTIs, there are several home remedies that can help alleviate symptoms and support the healing process.


Did you know that the sugar in your diet could be secretly damaging your skin? Although sugar may be a delicious thing, it can wreak havoc on your complexion. Not only does sugar cause acne but also accelerates the development of wrinkles, sugar has a huge impact on your skin health. Let's understand how sugar affects your skin, how cutting down on sugar can be an anti-ageing remedy - and all this naturally.


Are you pushing your limits at the gym but feeling constantly sore and fatigued? Achieving your fitness goals isn't just about lifting heavier or running faster - it's also about how well you recover. Effective muscle recovery can boost your performance, prevent injuries, and ensure that you’re always ready to tackle your next workout.


Honey, a natural wonder, isn't just for sweetening your tea; it's a powerful, all-natural skincare hero. From moisturizing and healing to brightening and anti-aging, honey offers many benefits that can transform your complexion.


Peppermint oil, derived from the peppermint plant, has been a cherished remedy in traditional medicine for centuries. Its primary component, menthol, is the secret behind many of its powerful health benefits.


Alzheimer's disease and muscle fatigue may seem like unrelated conditions at first glance, but emerging research suggests a surprising link between them: inflammation. Understanding this connection could pave the way for new treatment approaches and improve the quality of life for those affected.


When it comes to heart health, the tiny aspirin tablet might just be one of the most powerful friend in your medicine cabinet. Long known for its ability to soothe aches and pains, aspirin also plays a crucial role in protecting your heart. Let us discover how this everyday medication could be a game-changer for your cardiovascular well-being.


Liquid biopsies represent a revolutionary advancement in cancer detection and monitoring. By analyzing tiny fragments of DNA and other biomarkers in the blood, liquid biopsies offer a non-invasive, real-time glimpse into the presence and progression of cancer. This revolutionary method promises not only earlier detection but also a more personalized approach to treatment.


Eucalyptus oil is quite a versatile aromatic oil that offers several benefits. Whether you’re looking to breathe easier, relieve pain, or simply uplift your mood, eucalyptus oil offers several benefits that can transform your daily routine.


Melatonin is a hormone that helps regulate the sleep-wake cycle. It's often taken as a supplement to aid sleep, but many people report experiencing vivid or unusual dreams while taking it.


Vicks VapoRub is a popular topical ointment that has been used for generations to provide relief from various ailments. This multipurpose ointment isn't just for soothing colds and coughs; it's a versatile remedy that can ease muscle aches, relieve headaches, and even tackle skin issues.


From preventing painful fractures to warding off osteoporosis, understanding and maintaining your bone density is key to staying vibrant and mobile as you age. High bone density is essential for a healthy, active life.


In the fight against cancer, traditional chemotherapy has long been a cornerstone of treatment. However, as science advances, a new era of non-invasive therapies is emerging, offering promising alternatives that could transform cancer care.


Imagine tackling that nagging back pain or persistent headache not with synthetic drugs, but with the powerful, time-tested remedies found in your own kitchen or garden. Whether you're looking for a natural alternative for pain relief or just curious about holistic wellness, these remedies might just be your solution.


Imagine a future where aging is not just slow decline, but a process we can actively control and delay. Imagine a world where our bodies stay young and flexible, not just by chance, but through cutting-edge science. Scientists are uncovering the mystery of how protein inhibition could revolutionize our understanding of aging. By targeting specific proteins that induce cellular damage and degradation, we may be able to stop the biological clock.


CRISPR-Cas9 is a revolutionary gene-editing technology that's making significant strides in cancer research. This technology offers the potential to rewrite cancer’s genetic code, opening doors to targeted therapies and personalized treatments that could transform how we approach one of the most formidable diseases.


Chronic disease management is a critical area in healthcare, requiring ongoing care, patient engagement, and effective use of resources. Integrating AI with human touch can revolutionize this field by providing personalized and efficient care.


Are you struggling with weight management or diabetes? GLP-1 drugs, like Wegovy and Zepbound, not only help control blood sugar levels but also offer a promising solution for weight loss.


Cancer diagnosis has evolved significantly over recent years, thanks to advancements in biomarker research. Biomarkers, which are measurable indicators of a biological state or condition, play a crucial role in detecting cancer at an early stage, determining prognosis, and guiding treatment decisions.


Imagine a world where cancer treatment is as unique as your fingerprint. With the advent of targeted therapies and precision medicine, this is no longer a distant dream but a rapidly approaching reality. Gone are the days of one-size-fits-all treatments—today's cutting-edge approaches tailor therapies to the individual, honing in on the specific genetic makeup of a patient's cancer. This revolutionary shift not only boosts effectiveness but also minimizes side effects, offering new hope and improved outcomes for patients worldwide.


Are your joints feeling stiff and painful? Arthritis can make everyday activities challenging, but there's good news! By adding certain vitamins to your diet, you can help reduce inflammation and improve your joint health naturally. We'll explore the best vitamins to fight arthritis and show you how easy it can be to include them in your daily routine. Say goodbye to joint pain and hello to a more active, comfortable life!


Are you tired of spending countless hours in the gym without seeing the muscle gains you desire? It's time to supercharge your workouts and nutrition with scientifically proven strategies that deliver real results. These ten powerful techniques will help you build muscle faster and more effectively. Get ready to transform your physique and achieve your strength goals!


Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that plays a critical role in maintaining bone health, supporting the immune system, and regulating calcium and phosphorus levels in the body. While vitamin D is vital for health, it is possible to have too much of a good thing. Over-supplementing with vitamin D can lead to toxicity, which has serious health implications.


Our eyes are our windows to the world, allowing us to experience the beauty and wonder around us. Yet, many of us struggle with common issues like eye floaters and dry eyes that can cloud our vision and cause discomfort. Imagine enjoying clear, comfortable vision throughout your day. It all starts with adopting a few simple yet powerful daily habits.


Are you feeling constantly tired, battling frequent colds, or noticing unusual changes in your skin and hair? Your body might be trying to tell you that it’s running low on essential nutrients. Often overlooked in our fast-paced lives, these subtle signs are your body’s warning signals, indicating that it needs more of the vital vitamins and minerals to function at its best.


Artificial intelligence is reshaping patient care with unprecedented precision and personalization. Personalized patient care through AI involves using artificial intelligence technologies to tailor healthcare services to individual patients based on their unique characteristics.


Food allergies are a growing concern in today's world, affecting millions of people, from infants to adults. Imagine enjoying a meal only to experience unexpected and potentially severe reactions like itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing. Understanding food allergies is crucial for managing and preventing these reactions.


In the battle against cancer, we are witnessing a revolution. From harnessing the power of the immune system to targeting the genetic makeup of tumors, the latest advances in cancer treatment are turning bleak predictions into stories of hope and survival. Join us as we explore cutting-edge innovations—such as CAR-T cell therapy, personalized medicine, and AI-driven diagnostics—that are not only extending life, but also improving the quality of life for cancer patients around the world.


Imagine a world where cancer is detected at its earliest, most treatable stage, almost before it even begins to manifest. This is not science fiction—it's the promise of artificial intelligence in oncology. With cutting-edge algorithms and sophisticated data analysis, AI is transforming the landscape of cancer diagnosis, making early detection more precise and personalized than ever before. Dive into how this technology is reshaping cancer care, offering hope and innovation to millions.


Vagal tone refers to the activity of the vagus nerve, a crucial component of the parasympathetic nervous system, which plays a vital role in regulating various bodily functions. Higher vagal tone is associated with better physical and emotional well-being, offering benefits such as a resilient stress response, improved digestion, and reduced inflammation. Let us explore the significance of vagal tone, its impact on health, and ways to enhance it naturally.


Let us discover the secrets of red wine beyond its rich flavor and enticing aroma. Besides being a beloved companion to a good meal, red wine offers many potential health benefits. From protecting your heart to enhancing your gut health, let's learn how this popular beverage may offer more than just a delightful taste.


As we embrace the warmth and sunshine of summer, protecting our skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet rays becomes paramount. While conventional sunscreens offer effective protection, concerns about chemical ingredients have led many to seek natural alternatives.


Castor oil has been used for centuries for its various health benefits. Whether you're seeking to rejuvenate your skin, stimulate hair growth, or find relief from nagging aches and pains, castor oil offers a myriad of health benefits that could transform your self-care regimen.


In today's fast-paced world, maintaining mental health can feel like an uphill battle. Yet, just as we care for our physical well-being, nurturing our mental health is crucial for a happy, balanced life. Whether you're navigating the challenges of everyday stress or seeking ways to boost your overall mood, adopting a few simple habits can make a world of difference. Improving mental health involves a combination of lifestyle changes, self-care practices, and seeking professional help when needed. Let's embark on this journey towards mental wellness together!


Imagine a natural substance so powerful it has been revered for centuries in traditional medicine for its remarkable health benefits. Shilajit is a natural substance found primarily in the Himalayas, formed over centuries by the gradual decomposition of certain plants by microorganisms. Rich in fulvic acid and essential minerals, Shilajit offers powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that promote overall well-being.


The transformative power of exercise on the brain is nothing short of extraordinary. Imagine cultivating a sharper mind, a happier outlook, and a more resilient brain through the invigorating rhythm of physical activity. Let's explore the science behind this brain-boosting process and learn how exercise can change your brain health.


Imagine a hormone so powerful that it helps with the growth of your body and continues to influence your health long after you've stopped growing. Growth hormone, a key hormone in our endocrine system, does exactly that. From the moment we are born, growth hormone helps with our growth and plays a vital role in how our bodies repair themselves, how we metabolize food, and even how we sleep. Let us explore the fascinating world of human growth hormone and discover the various factors that control its secretion and impact our daily lives.


Are you unwittingly waging war on your liver? Every day, your liver works tirelessly to filter toxins, aid digestion, and store essential nutrients, but certain foods can wreak havoc on this vital organ. From the sugary sodas in your fridge to the fried treats at your favorite fast food joint, discover the everyday foods that might be undermining your liver's health and how you can avoid them to keep your liver healthy!


Wake up with fresher eyes! Whether you've been burning the midnight oil or battling allergies, puffy eyes are a common yet frustrating concern for many. Let us explore the everyday causes of under-eye puffiness and discover simple, effective ways to soothe and reduce swelling—ensuring your eyes look brighter and more youthful, no matter what your day holds.

Stay informed.


Get access to award-winning industry coverage, including latest news, case studies and expert advice.

Success in Technology is about staying Informed!

Follow us


Subscribe to Webmedy Youtube Channel for Latest Videos

Donate


Your generous donation makes a huge difference!

Stay informed.


Get access to award-winning industry coverage, including latest news, case studies and expert advice.

Success in Technology is about staying Informed!

Subscribe

Follow us


Subscribe to Webmedy Youtube Channel for Latest Videos

Loading...

Donate


Your generous donation makes a huge difference!

Donate

Follow us


Subscribe to Webmedy Youtube Channel for Latest Videos

Loading...

© 2024 Ardinia Systems Pvt Ltd. All rights reserved.
Disclosure: This page contains affiliate links, meaning we get a commission if you decide to make a purchase through the links, at no cost to you.
Privacy Policy
Webmedy is a product from Ardinia Systems.